However, such requests are improper in a bill of particulars and must be sought in the form of interrogatories pursuant to Rule 11-a of the Commercial Division Rules or by another appropriate disclosure device. Significantly, the majority of the requests vaguely ask the Plaintiff to "state the basis for the allegations" for nearly every paragraph of the 95 paragraph, highly detailed complaint (Requests 13-75). To wit, the Defendants' Demand for a Verified Bill of Particulars seeks the identification of witnesses with knowledge of relevant information (requests 1 and 2), and a computation of damages (request 11). Here, the Defendants' Demand for a Verified Bill of Particulars, which contains 75 paragraphs, excluding subparts, seeks details more appropriately developed at a deposition and not consonant with the purposes of a bill of particulars. In this case, no such expansion was requested or provided. ![]() In addition, the commercial division rules limit interrogatories to 25, including subparts, unless the court provides a different limit in the preliminary conference order. When a bill of particulars is replete with palpably improper evidentiary requests, the proper remedy is vacatur of the bill of particulars. In other words, the purpose of the bill of particulars is to amplify the pleading, limit the proof, and prevent surprise at trial, but it is not a vehicle to obtain evidentiary material. In fact, although the drafters of the CPLR also recommended its abolishment in conjunction with the expansion of the disclosure statutes now found in article 31, the Legislature retained the bill of particulars, not as a disclosure device, but in its traditional and limited role as a means of amplifying a pleading. The bill of particulars has been abolished in many jurisdictions, including in the federal courts, as broader disclosure statutes have rendered them superfluous. 32944(U), vacating a demand for a bill of particulars because it was being used as a discovery device, explaining: ![]() ![]() On September 8, 2020, Justice Borrok of the New York County Commercial Division issued a decision in Orentreich v. Categories Commercial, Discovery/Disclosure Demand for a Bill of Particulars Vacated Because it Was Being Used as a Discovery Device
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![]() How to get started with the macOS Catalina developer beta The installation helper will allow you to transfer information from your current operating system, or you could choose to do a clean installation to start your Mac from scratch. Select the partition you wish to install the software on.Select Show All Disks to switch from your main partition.Click Agree to confirm that you have read the terms.Select Continue when the download is finished and ready to install.Create a partition on your Mac if you haven't already done so.To keep your Mac's data from getting corrupted by a beta operating system, you can partition your Mac's hard drive to run macOS Catalina in tandem with your current operating system. ![]() How to install the macOS Catalina beta on a partition Grab a cup of coffee while you wait for the software to finish installing. You'll see a black screen with the Apple Logo and a progress bar. Your Mac will reboot to install macOS Catalina. Follow the instructions to install macOS Catalina.How to install the macOS Catalina developer betaĪfter macOS Catalina is finished downloading, you will be prompted to install the software automatically. You can check the status in the Updates tab of the Mac App Store. The developer beta update can take a long time to finish downloading, depending on the size. Then, open the Mac App Store and click the Updates tab. If the latest developer beta does not appear on the Updates list, restart your Mac. After the software has been downloaded, the installation process will begin as normal. Click Update to download and install the developer beta software. When the installer is finished downloading, System Preferences will automatically check for an update to macOS. Double-click macOSDeveloperBetaAccessUtility.pkg to run the installer.Open your Downloads window and select macOS Catalina Developer Beta Access Utility.The file will automatically download to your Mac. Scroll down and click on the Install Profile button for macOS Catalina 10.15.Log in with your developer account if prompted to do so.How to download the macOS Catalina developer betaĭownloading the latest beta on your Mac is as simple as visiting Apple's developer portal. Time Machine will format the hard drive for backups and start within two minutes. Select Time Machine in the System Preferences window.Ĭlick Select Backup Disk and choose the disk you'd like to use. Click on the Apple icon () in the upper left corner of your screen.Connect an external hard disk or Time Capsule with a USB, FireWire, or Thunderbolt cable. ![]() ![]() If you'd like to host an "I Am A/Ask Me Anything" (IamA/AMA) thread, you must first contact the moderators for approval. ![]() Pushing a particular investment on a user may be removed. Broad funds/ETF's, or discussion of investment concepts would still generally be allowed. Cryptocurrency, the entire asset class, will be treated like a "specific investment". This also extends to PM'ing users because of comments they made on this subreddit.Ĥ) All specific investment recommendations will be removed. We expect that users do not use this forum to build a brand, for financial gain, or to attempt to gain traffic or users. This includes solicitation of referrals, posting your own blog, video channel or personal website, and recommendations for users to do business with you. Comments suggesting that sharing financial information in a personal finance subreddit is a "humblebrag" will be removed. Refrain from "judging" the financial situation of others - whether their situation is dire or well-off. You can feel free to be "harsh", but never insulting. This covers a very wide variety of topics, including banking, employment, budgeting, minimizing recurring or popular expenses, advice for large purchases, and more.īe patient with others. Personal Finance Canada Discord: AMAs Person / CompanyĪuto Budget Credit Debt Employment Housing Investing Retirement Taxes Meta Banking Misc Estate Insurance Rulesġ) Posts must be about personal finance in Canada The topic of "personal finance" includes budgeting, goal planning, taxation, saving, investing, banking, credit cards, insurance products, life event planning, major purchase advice, unique deals and tips for frugality, employment and other income sources, global or national economic news and discussions, and a variety of similar topics. This subreddit is a place to discuss anything related to Canadian personal finance. ![]() ![]() The root is then printed on the console using the print() function. ![]() The program calculates the root using the quadratic formula and assigns it to the x variable. If r = 0, it means that the quadratic equation has one real root.The roots are then printed on the console using the print() function. Demonstration that quadratic equation gives wrong answer for large inputs. The program calculates the roots using the quadratic formula and assigns them to x1 and x2 variables. If r > 0, it means that the quadratic equation has two distinct real roots.The program then checks the value of r using an if-elif-else statement. It then calculates the discriminant r using the formula b^2 - 4ac. Input your values for a, b, and c from the equation in form ax + bx + c 0, and the (real) solutions will be displayed if there are any. The standard form of the quadratic equation is ax + bx + c 0 where a, b and c are real and a 0, x is an. A quadratic equation is an equation of the second degree, meaning it contains at least one term that is squared. It will find the roots of the given quadratic equation. The program prompts the user to input the values of a, b, and c using the input() function and stores them as floating-point numbers using the float() function. We will develop a python program to solve the quadratic equation. This is because roots of quadratic equations might be complex in nature. This program is written in Python and it solves a quadratic equation of the form ax^2 + bx + c = 0 where a, b, and c are the coefficients of the equation. How to Solve Quadratic Equation using Python - You can use the cmath module in order to solve Quadratic Equation using Python. Python Program To Find The Roots Of Quadratic Equation. The program starts by importing the cmath module, which is a standard library that provides mathematical functions for working with complex numbers. Step 3: Write the math expressions to solve the roots (x1, x2) Step 4: Display the Output. The code you provided is a simple Python program that calculates the solutions of a quadratic equation of the form ax2 + bx + c 0. In this tutorial, we explored how to solve quadratic equations using a Python program. Step 2: Create a new variable that stores the square root of the discriminant. Step 1: Store the values of a, b, and c in variables. Write a Python program to find the roots of a quadratic function How to Find the Roots of a Quadratic Equation in Python. If your Android device is not supported, but has 3 GB of RAM or higher and the latest version of Android, it is still eligible. Where can you run this program?įortnite for Android is available on select Samsung devices ( Galaxy S9/S9+, Note 8, Galaxy S8/S8+, Galaxy S7/S7 Edge, Tab S3, Tab S4), Google Pixel devices, multiple LG devices, Razer Phone, multiple Xiaomi devices, and more. Grab your preferred controller, and jump into Fortnite on your Android with better control and precision.
And dedicated anti-vaccine activists are exploiting these ambiguities to help people get religious exemptions. This too makes sense, but again, makes it harder to challenge religious exemption claims by members of religions that support vaccines. It’s not the state job to enforce a religion’s rules on its believers, the state is tasked simply with assessing whether the religious objection is sincere. ![]() But it removes one tool that would help distinguish between those with sincere religious objections, and those using religion to cover other objections to vaccines.Īdditionally, states cannot refuse an exemption to those whose interpretation differs from their religion’s doctrine regarding vaccination. This makes sense, because the validity of your religious exemption should not depend on belonging to a religion that opposes vaccines. Employers, universities, or states offering religious exemptions cannot limit them to organized religion, because that would discriminate against those with sincere beliefs that are not part of an organized religion. Sincere beliefs?īut cracking down on the misuse of religious exemptions is quite difficult. This includes: statements from anti-vaccine activists who state publicly that they lied to get religious exemptions surveys on the reasons people do not vaccinate and the fact that most religions do not prohibit vaccines (in fact, many actively encourage or support them). In a previous paper, I pointed out that quite a bit of evidence suggests there is widespread misuse of religious exemptions. You are proposing to take away my right as a parent and for what? To protect other people?” In a recent hearing on a bill to remove Massachusetts’ religious exemption, a witness said that she used the religious exemption, “Not because it goes against my religion, but because I do not believe that it is necessary to put additional chemicals into my child’s body for an illness that she would fully recover from. ![]() ![]() And without policing, it is easy for those misled by anti-vaccine misinformation to use the religious exemption. The problem is that the same people who eagerly promote anti-vaccine misinformation are just as eager to misuse religion to avoid vaccinating, and have no hesitation or compunction about coaching others to do the same. The government policing people’s religion raises a number of thorny issues. This makes policing religious exemptions to vaccination hard – and rightly so. Religious freedom is a core value in the United States. Two major problems with granting religious exemptions to vaccine mandates are that they are very hard to police, and that they are routinely gamed. Otherwise, the actinides are defined according to their common properties.Īctinium - the name for the element with atomic number 89 and is represented by the symbol Ac. It is a member of the actinide group.Īctivated complex - an intermediate state at the maximum energy point on the reaction path that occurs as reactants are being converted into product in a chemical reaction.Īctivation energy - Ea - the minimum amount of energy needed for a chemical reaction to occur.Īctive transport - the movement of molecules or ions from a region of lower concentration to higher concentration requires energyĪctivity series - list of metals ranked in order of decreasing activity, used to predict which metals displace others in aqueous solutions.Īctual yield - the quantity of product experimentally obtained from a chemical reaction.Īcute health effect - the effect caused by initial exposure to a chemical.Īcyl group - a functional group with the formula RCO- where R is bound to carbon via a single bond.Īdsorption - the adhesion of a chemical species onto a surfaceĪdulterant - a chemical that acts as a contaminant in the context of another substance's purity.Īether - a medium believed to carry light waves in the 18th and 19th century.Īir - the mixture of gases that make up the Earth's atmosphere, consisting mainly of nitrogen, with oxygen, water vapor, argon, and carbon dioxide.Īlchemy -Several definitions of alchemy exist. JazzIRT / Getty ImagesĪbsolute alcohol - common name for high purity ethanol or ethyl alcohol.Ībsolute error - expression of the uncertainty or inaccuracy of a measurement.Ībsolute temperature - temperature measured using the Kelvin scale.Ībsolute uncertainty - the uncertainty of a scientific measurement, given in the same units as the measurement.Ībsolute zero - the lowest possible state at which matter can exist, 0 K or -273.15☌.Ībsorbance - measure of the amount of light absorbed by a sample.Ībsorption - process by which atoms, ions, or molecules enter a bulk phase.Ībsorption spectroscopy - technique used to determine concentration and structure of a sample based on which wavelengths of liquid are absorbed.Ībsorption spectrum - graph of amount of absorption as a function of wavelength.Ībsorptivity - absorption cross section of extinction coefficient, which is the absorbance of a solution per unit path length and concentration.Īccuracy - the closeness of a measurement to a true or accepted value.Īcid - a chemical species that accepts electrons or donate protons or hydrogen ions.Īcid anhydride - a nonmetal oxide that reacts with water to form an acidic solution.Īcid-base indicator - a weak acid or weak base that changes color when the concentration of hydrogen or hydroxide ions changes in an aqueous solution.Īcid-base titration - a procedure to find the concentration of an acid or base by reacting a known concentration with the unknown until the equivalence point is reached.Īcid dissociation constant - Ka - a quantitative measure of how strong an acid is.Īcidic solution - an aqueous solution with a pH less than 7.0.Īctinides - Usually, the actinides are considered to be elements 90 (thorium) through 103 (lawrencium). ![]() Alkalinity is a measure of how basic a substance is. ![]() By contrast, imagery of downtown Jerusalem is always significantly blurrier you can just barely make out cars parked on the side of the road.Īs I explained in my previous piece about geolocating Israeli Patriot batteries, a 1997 US law known as the Kyl-Bingaman Amendment (KBA) prohibits US companies from publishing satellite imagery of Israel at a Ground Sampling Distance lower than what is commercially available. Downtown Toronto, for example, is always visible at an extremely high resolution looking closely, you can spot my bike parked outside my old apartment. The areas of these blurred sites range from large complexes-such as airfields or munitions storage bunkers-to small, nondescript buildings within city blocks.Īlthough blurring out specific sites is certainly unusual, it is not uncommon for satellite imagery companies to downgrade the resolution of certain sets of imagery before releasing them to viewing platforms like Yandex or Google Earth in fact, if you trawl around the globe using these platforms, you’ll notice that different locations will be rendered in a variety of resolutions. Yandex Maps-Russia’s foremost mapping service-has also agreed to selectively blur out specific sites beyond recognition however, it has done so for just two countries: Israel and Turkey. In similar fashion, an old Dutch law requires Dutch companies to blur their satellite images of military and royal facilities-even to the point where a satellite imagery provider once doctored an image of Volkel Air Base after it was purchased by FAS’ very own Hans Kristensen. France, for example, has asked Google to obscure all imagery of its prisons after a French gangster successfully conducted a Hollywood-inspired jailbreak involving drones, smoke bombs, and a stolen helicopter(!)-and Google has agreed to comply by the end of 2018. Google Earth occasionally does this at the request of governments that want to keep prying eyes away from some of their more sensitive military or political sites. It also has driving directions, and all kinds of features that you can turn on and off to give you more information – like local sightseeing highlights.Want to know how to make a satellite imagery analyst instantly curious about something? You can zoom in and out, and type in a specific address anywhere on Earth to go right there. This is a web-based tool that lets you browse around satellite photos of the Earth. So how can you use these images? The easiest tool to use is Google Maps. This commercial satellite blasted off on September 6, 2008, and is capable of resolving images on the Earth down to a size of 0.41 meters. Google has an exclusive contract with a company called GeoEye, which recently launched their GeoEye-1 satellite. These images come from NASA satellites, USGS aerial surveys, and satellite photos from commercial operators. ![]() Instead, they use images from a variety of sources and store them on their servers. Google doesn’t actually have a satellite of their own. But is there a Google satellite to take these photographs? Both of these tools allow you to see a satellite view of the Earth, and zoom right in to see your home from space. If you’ve spent any time on the internet, you’ve probably had a chance to use either Google Earth or Google Maps. ![]() After learning of its origins, one user immediately chimed in and jokingly asked what made them decide to bring this creature into the world. One user even said that “they won’t be sleeping tonight,” to which the post creator replied that they won’t need to worry, because Steve will keep them company at night.Īccording to the creative individual that made this nightmare fuel of an animation, they were able to bring this monstrosity to life through Blender, a popular 3D graphics software tool, by using its Cycles Renderer feature. Those commenting under the thread were naturally spooked at this horrific snippet as it presents the beloved character in a new and terrifying light. The spectator then turns around and finds the realistic version of Minecraft Steve standing menacingly behind them, undoubtedly planning to bludgeon them with the fists they were using to hit the tree from earlier. REALISTIC MINECRAFT STEVE BECOMES HULKWelcome to the fourth episode of Realistic Minecraft series.It was a normal day for Steve. As the observer gets closer, though, the constant thudding that could be heard instantly stops as the character hitting the tree suddenly vanishes. The thread in question simply features a short clip of a seemingly innocent figure continuously hacking away at a tree while an unassuming onlooker watches curiously. The post containing the realistic variant of the iconic character was initially shared through the Minecraft subreddit and its notoriety has started trending upward ever since. Learn moreĪ realistic Minecraft Steve animation has recently been making the rounds on Reddit and it will haunt your nightmares for days on end. Today in Realistic Minecraft Steve is feeling weak and need to man up. ![]() ![]() When you buy through links on our site, we may earn an affiliate commission. It makes a huge difference which player controls the screen (the white flag). ![]() Because once you understand that, you can get on with actually playing it and gradually excavating its secrets. And I feel like that's the first thing you need to understand about the game, getting used to how unmercilessly and swiftly it can and will kill you - albeit in a very charming way, with cute spiders and snakes. Nice jump.īut in a different kind of way: brutal. A lot like Mario if that makes sense? Responsive in that same way, tidy in that same way. Availability: Out now on PC (Steam), PS4, Switch, and Xbox (including Game Pass)Ĭhris: You've had to hear about Spelunky a lot over the last few years I reckon - and now you've finally leapt in, and into Spelunky 2, as well, which is a proper beast! So to start with: what were your first impressions?īertie: I have heard a lot about it! For years, Spelunky was all anyone seemed to talk about.This is how a veteran and newbie come together for a conversation, and here's what they have to say. An opportunity to see something afresh through new eyes. So, as Spelunky 2 arrives on Xbox Game Pass, an opportunity presents itself. How he manages this, we don't know, but Spelunky, to him, remains unknown. Like so many of you, he's been passionately playing the series for years.īut there are others who are more easily distracted and seem to miss everything important that comes by. You can read the full 1.26 patch notes here.Imagine a world in which you have never played Spelunky. It’s also available on Nintendo Switch, PlayStations and Xboxes, all of whom you can now play with. It’s included as part of Microsoft’s PC Game Pass service too. “I have also rediscovered the joys of being lost, uncertain, and surprised. “In playing it, I have been tense, I have been excited, I have been elated,” he said. Graham gave the game a Bestest Best in his Spelunky 2 review back in 2020, calling it a “worthy successor” to the original. This was particularly true for cross-play.” “Every platform has its own unique way of handling things, so getting everything lined up is tricky. “Often, resolving a problem, even if it seems minor, can take days or weeks as people communicate back and forth across different companies, departments, languages, and time zones,” Yu said. Integrating crossplay into the game has provided devs Mossmouth with some challenges too. So there's a lot to keep track of at any given moment.” ![]() “On top of that, it's a fairly fast-paced and detailed arcade-style game. “At its worst (for online, I mean!), there are four players running around a double-layered level with destructible terrain, liquid simulation, and high interactivity, where nothing in the level can be disabled temporarily, even when it's out of view,” he said. Yu explained a bit more about why it's taken time to implement all Spelunky 2’s planned online features. Don’t expect any more additions to single-player though, as the focus there is bug fixes. ![]() Creator Derek Yu said that more updates are planned for Spelunky 2, but the next step is to get feedback on multiplayer to improve the experience now its basic features are there. The 1.26 patch for Spelunky 2 has finally brought crossplay for all platforms to the randomised platforming sequel, along with online multiplayer for its Adventure and Arena modes. |
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